# Computer Networking Basic Concepts

## We'll look at basic terms, & components in Computer Networking.
 
**Host** -
A device which has a **IP address**. Eg. Pc, Laptop, Server. 

**Network** -
When **2** or **multiple** devices are connected it forms a Network.

**Networking** -
Sharing of data and resources.

**Router** - 
It connects **2 or more** different networks. It assigns IP address to devices using DHCP. 

**Switch** -
It has Ports where we can connect computer, server, printer, etc.

Two Types of Switch - 
1. Unmanageable Switch -  Used in Homes, It's Cheap.
2. Manageable Switch - Used in offices, It's Expensive.
 

## So Now what is the Internet? 
Internet is a **Network of Networks**. Its a combination of **ISP'S**.

### A very large Network which involves Small Networks and Big Networks. 


Network Interface card (NIC) - 
A Chip in computer, that helps in connecting computer to the Network. These NIC chips have the 
**MAC** address. (MAC Address - Hardware Address)

Bits -
Collection of **0's and 1's**.

8 bits - 1 Byte
1024 bytes - 1 kilobyte
1024 kb - 1 Megabyte


## Who assigns IP addresses and controls Domain Name?

**IANA** (*Internet Assigned Numbered Authority*)

They give it to ISP'S, & our ISP assigns IP address for our device. 
 (ISP - Internet Service Provider).

These IP Addresses are divided into **5 classes (A,B,C,D and E)**. 


![IP adresses classes.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1657302220567/bEGUnH1Lm.png align="left")


Thank you for reading. Believe in yourself, you can achieve your goals. 
Trust and Enjoy the process.